Methods for the induction of ebola virus-specific immune responses comprising administering a replication-defective chimpanzee adenovirus vector expressing the ebola virus glycoprotein
Inventors
Sullivan, Nancy J. • Nabel, Gary J. • Asiedu, Clement • Cheng, Cheng • Nicosia, Alfredo • Cortese, Riccardo • Ammendola, Virginia • Colloca, Stefano
Assignees
Sabin Vaccine Institute • US Department of Health and Human Services
Publication Number
US-9526777-B2
Publication Date
2016-12-27
Expiration Date
2031-04-15
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Abstract
This invention provides vaccines for inducing an immune response and protection against filovirus infection for use as a preventative vaccine in humans. In particular, the invention provides chimpanzee adenoviral vectors expressing filovirus proteins from different strains of Ebola virus (EBOV) or Marburg virus (MARV).
Core Innovation
This invention provides vaccines for inducing an immune response and protection against filovirus infections, particularly Ebola (EBOV) and Marburg (MARV) viruses, for use as a preventative vaccine in humans. The invention specifically involves chimpanzee adenoviral vectors expressing filovirus proteins, such as envelope glycoproteins from different strands of EBOV or MARV. These adenoviral vectors include serotypes ChAd3, ChAd63, PanAd3, PanAd1, PanAd2, and ChAd83.
The problem being addressed is the need for effective vaccines and/or drugs against Ebola and Marburg viruses, which cause highly lethal hemorrhagic fevers with high mortality rates and have been classified as priority class A pathogens due to their virulence and ease of dissemination. Previous active and passive immunization attempts against Ebola virus failed in primates. Moreover, adenovirus-based vaccines using rAd5, though potent, are limited by pre-existing immunity in humans which may reduce vaccine efficacy. The invention provides alternative chimpanzee adenoviral vectors to circumvent this issue, offering improved immune response elicitation.
Claims Coverage
The patent includes one independent claim that outlines a method for inducing protective immune responses against Ebola virus infection using specific recombinant viral vectors.
Method of inducing protective immune response against Ebola virus infection
Intramuscular administration of 10¹⁰ to 10¹² viral particles of a recombinant chimpanzee adenovirus type 3 (ChAd3) vector encoding an Ebola virus glycoprotein, followed by administration of a prophylactically effective amount of a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector encoding the Ebola virus glycoprotein.
The claims cover a two-step immunization method using a ChAd3 adenovirus vector and an MVA vector, both encoding Ebola glycoprotein, to induce protective immunity against Ebola virus infection.
Stated Advantages
Chimpanzee adenoviral vectors induce comparable or stronger humoral and cellular immune responses against Ebola virus compared to rAd5 vectors.
The vaccine circumvents the limitation of pre-existing immunity to common human adenovirus vectors, enhancing clinical applicability.
Single immunizations with chimpanzee adenoviral vectors can provide immediate and long-term immune protection.
Prime-boost regimens using combinations of chimpanzee adenoviral vectors and other viral vectors generate potent and enhanced immune responses.
Documented Applications
Use as preventive vaccines to induce protective immune responses against filovirus infections including Ebola virus and Marburg virus in humans.
Administration in humans or other mammals via intramuscular or other pharmaceutically acceptable routes for prophylactic vaccination against Ebola virus.
Use in prime-boost immunization regimens involving chimpanzee adenoviral vectors and other viral vectors such as modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) or recombinant lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (rLCMV).
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