Blood substitute solution
Inventors
Assignees
US Department of Veterans Affairs • Harvard University
Publication Number
US-8563233-B2
Publication Date
2013-10-22
Expiration Date
2029-02-10
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Abstract
The invention relates generally to blood substitute solutions and methods for using blood substitute solutions. The solutions may be used in a variety of applications and are particularly suited for use in applications where at least a portion of a host's blood is replaced with a substitute solution.
Core Innovation
The invention relates to physiologically acceptable blood substitute solutions and methods for using them. These solutions comprise a physiological salt solution combined with pyruvate and beta-alanine, and optionally include one or more ingredients selected from D-glucose, 3-beta hydroxy butyrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, acetoacetate, and intralipid solution. The solutions are suited for situations where at least a portion of a host's blood is replaced, and they prevent acidosis and hydrate the body.
The problem addressed is that existing blood substitutes derived from mammalian blood carry risks of pathogenic contamination, including viruses and prions. There is a need for blood substitutes made from non-blood derived components that are physiologically acceptable and safe for use in transfusion or volume replacement under various clinical conditions.
The invention provides specific formulations containing salts, energy sources such as pyruvate and ketone bodies, intracellular acidity buffers like beta-alanine, antioxidants including taurine, and energy substrates. It offers nano-sized solutions to improve cellular membrane traversal, allows optional inclusion or exclusion of glucose based on patient condition such as diabetes, and is adaptable for mixing with blood in varying ratios for surgical or resuscitative use.
Claims Coverage
The patent includes two independent claims describing physiologically acceptable blood substitute solutions comprising specified components with defined concentration ranges and optional additives.
Composition of blood substitute solution with specified salts and bioactive components
The solution comprises 0.01-3.0 L distilled water; calcium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium phosphate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium phosphate within precise ranges; pyruvate, glutathione, ascorbic acid, L-arginine, L-taurine, beta-alanine, creatine monohydrate, L-carnitine, and L-carnosine in defined concentrations; optionally including D-glucose, 3-beta hydroxy butyrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, acetoacetate, and/or intralipid solution.
Blood substitute solution with specific millimolar concentrations of components
A composition comprising calcium chloride (1.3 mM), potassium chloride (4.0 mM), potassium phosphate (monobasic; 0.5 mM), magnesium chloride (hexahydrate; 0.5 mM), magnesium sulfate (heptahydrate; 0.5 mM), sodium chloride (130 mM), sodium bicarbonate (5.0 mM), sodium phosphate (dibasic; heptahydrate; 0.19 mM), pyruvate (5 mM), glutathione (reduced; 1.5 mM), ascorbic acid (1 mM), L-arginine (5 mM), L-taurine (5 mM), beta-alanine (5 mM), creatine monohydrate (2 mM), L-carnitine (5 mM), and L-carnosine (10 mM).
The claims cover blood substitute solutions with defined compositions of salts, energy sources, buffers, antioxidants, and optional ingredients, described by precise concentration ranges to provide physiologically acceptable solutions suitable for administration as blood substitutes.
Stated Advantages
The solutions prevent acidosis and hydrate the body.
Use of non-blood derived components reduces risk of viral and prion pathogen transmission.
Nano-sizing the solutions enhances cellular membrane traversal, increasing efficacy.
Flexibility in inclusion of glucose accommodates diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
Compatibility with blood without causing precipitation, cellular damage, or adverse physiological effects.
Documented Applications
Used in surgical applications requiring replacement of significant blood volume, including treatment of blood loss during surgery or trauma.
Maintains tissues, organs, or entire subjects at hypothermic or frozen states.
Priming cardiopulmonary bypass circuits during cardiac surgery.
Used in patients with severe trauma, bleeding, dehydration, and battlefield resuscitation.
Fluid resuscitation after blood loss due to trauma, surgery, or burn injury.
Maintaining patients with rare blood or tissue types until matching donors are available.
IV drip applications in delivery, surgery, and trauma care.
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