Integrated circuit with 2D FETs for direct and indirect target signal measurement
Inventors
Aran, Kiana • GOLDSMITH, BRETT • Kane, Alexander • Peytavi, Regis
Assignees
Publication Number
US-12345677-B2
Publication Date
2025-07-01
Expiration Date
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Abstract
A system and apparatus for direct or indirect target substance signal measurement include an integrated circuit with an array of 2D FETs with corresponding 2D transistor channels and a gate area for receiving a volume of liquid with one or more chemical or biological target substances, a conductive source electrically coupled to a first end of the 2D transistor channel, a conductive drain electrically coupled to a second end of the 2D transistor channel, a ceramic coating over the conductive source and the conductive drain and a thin film layer of synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents is adsorbed to the top surface of the 2D transistor channel. Methods for the system and apparatus and for selecting the synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents based on absorptivity are disclosed.
Core Innovation
A system and apparatus for direct or indirect target substance signal measurement include an integrated circuit with an array of 2D FETs with corresponding 2D transistor channels and a gate area for receiving a volume of liquid with one or more chemical or biological target substances, a conductive source electrically coupled to a first end of the 2D transistor channel, a conductive drain electrically coupled to a second end of the 2D transistor channel, a ceramic coating over the conductive source and the conductive drain and a thin film layer of synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents is adsorbed to the top surface of the 2D transistor channel. The system includes one or more gate bias electrodes for biasing and/or measuring electrical characteristics of the liquid, a measurement controller operable to apply one or more excitation conditions to the array of 2D FETs and to perform one or more measurements of the one or more output signals affected by binding of the synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents, and an analysis module operable to determine measurement vectors relating to presence of the target substance.
Measurement vectors include one or more transfer curve parameters derived from on-chip electrical measurements of thin film characteristics of the layer of synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents in the liquid, the thin film characteristics selected from thickness, relative thickness, porosity, relative porosity, and combinations thereof. One or more analyte characterization parameters selected from capacitance, mobility, defect density, and combinations thereof, are extracted from the measurement vectors using a physical model of current through selected 2D FETs that includes a capacitance term dependent on gate voltage and a term for skew of the transfer curve between p-type and n-type conduction. Methods for selecting the synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents based on absorptivity are disclosed [procedural detail omitted for safety].
Field effect transistors may be used as sensors to detect target substances or interactions in a liquid, and in multilayer integrated circuits where a channel is formed in a layer of two dimensional nanomaterial such as graphene a sensitization layer in the liquid may be added on top of the channel for sensitizing the channel to detect a target substance. The background identifies that if a sensitization layer of antibodies or nucleic acids is added on a channel of a graphene field effect transistor, the binding interaction may not occur sufficiently close to the channel to produce optimally detectable signals, or the concentration of the analytes may be insufficient for detection, and that aptamers and other molecules may form bonds with the channel that prevent binding to targets.
Claims Coverage
Seven inventive features are identified from the independent claims as recited in the patent document.
Integrated circuit with array of 2D FETs
An integrated circuit comprising an array of 2D FETs with at least a portion of selected instances individually comprising: a 2D transistor channel disposed on a substrate formed in a layer of 2D nanomaterial; a gate area for receiving a volume of liquid comprising one or more chemical or biological target substances; a conductive source and a conductive drain electrically coupled to respective ends of the 2D transistor channel; and one or more layers of synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents adsorbed to a top surface of the 2D transistor channel selected to bind to a target substance and to desorb from the 2D transistor channel in response to binding.
Method for target substance signal measurement
Depositing a thin film layer of synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents to a top surface of one or more 2D transistor channels in an array of 2D FETs; applying excitation conditions comprising a time dependent counter electrode voltage applied to a liquid in a gate area; determining measurement vectors for output signals of the 2D FETs affected by the excitation conditions and biochemical interaction between the target substance and the synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents; and characterizing one or more parameters of the biochemical interactions based on the measurement vectors.
Apparatus with 2D transistor channel and thin film binding layers
A 2D transistor channel comprising 2D nanomaterial for one or more selected instances of 2D FETs and one or more thin film layers of synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents adsorbed to the top surface, at least a portion selected to bind to a target substance and to desorb from the 2D transistor channel in response to binding, wherein the 2D FETs comprise pre-deposition reference thin film characteristics determined based on measurement vectors of transfer curve parameters measured before individual layers are deposited, the thin film characteristics selected from relative thickness and/or relative porosity.
Apparatus with an environmentally non-reactive bias electrode
A 2D transistor channel with one or more thin film layers of synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents adsorbed to the top surface and an environmentally non-reactive electrode operable to apply a bias between the electrode and the top surface such that the synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents selected to desorb in response to binding with the target substance are repelled from the top surface of the 2D transistor channel.
Integrated circuit configured to perform the method
An integrated circuit comprising a liquid gated array of two-dimensional field effect transistors configured to perform the method of depositing thin film binding agents, applying excitation conditions, determining measurement vectors, and characterizing one or more parameters of biochemical interactions.
Biosignal processing device with integrated circuit and processing system
A biosignal processing device comprising the integrated circuit, an interface, and a processing system coupled to the interface configured to perform operations of depositing synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents, applying time dependent excitation to a liquid gate, measuring output signals, and determining measurement vectors and characterization parameters.
Non-transitory computer-readable medium for biosignal processing
A non-transitory computer-readable medium including instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a biosignal processing device, cause the device to perform the operations of depositing thin film binding agents, applying excitation conditions to the liquid gate, determining measurement vectors from output signals, and characterizing biochemical interactions.
The independent claims collectively cover integrated circuits and apparatuses with 2D FET channels and adsorbed synthetic biopolymer specific binding agent layers selected to bind and desorb upon target binding, methods for applying time-dependent excitation and extracting transfer-curve-based measurement vectors, and corresponding processing and storage embodiments for characterizing biochemical interactions.
Stated Advantages
The disclosed structures and methods enable more reliable performance, integration of electrical modules, and lower costs.
Using a 2D FET with graphene improves manufacturability and lowers costs compared with one-dimensional alternatives such as carbon nanotubes.
Improved sensitivity enhances the ability to measure analytes present in low concentrations.
Facilitates direct or indirect target substance signal measurement for a wide variety of target substances, leading to high availability of assays specific to individual target substances.
Enables automated manufacturing and assembly processes, which facilitates higher volume manufacturing with improved reliability.
Documented Applications
Direct or indirect target substance signal measurement in a gate area receiving a volume of liquid comprising one or more chemical or biological target substances.
Determining presence, absence, or concentration of a target substance in a liquid, including extracting analyte characterization parameters from transfer curve measurement vectors.
Performing a test for an adverse health condition by determining presence of target substances associated with the adverse health condition, wherein the adverse health condition is selected from a cancer, a viral infection, a bacterial infection, a cardiovascular disorder, or combinations thereof.
Capturing and analyzing target substances in blood and other biologically derived liquids using 2D FET arrays.
Use of ionogel coatings with 2D FETs for surface sampling applications such as touch sensors where target substances may transfer from a surface into an ionic liquid immobilized in an ionogel.
Detection of targets including ions, small molecules, compounds, proteins, bacteria, viruses, cells, and extracellular vesicles (e.g., exosomes) as explicitly listed target examples.
Selection and production of synthetic biopolymer specific binding agents via iterative selection cycles and counterselection cycles based on absorptivity type [procedural detail omitted for safety].
On-chip electrical measurements to determine thin film characteristics of adsorbed synthetic biopolymer specific binding agent layers, including thickness and porosity, for assay characterization.
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