Treatment planning for alpha particle radiotherapy
Inventors
Kelson, Itzhak • Arazi, Lior • Gat, Amnon
Assignees
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Publication Number
US-11666782-B2
Publication Date
2023-06-06
Expiration Date
Abstract
Apparatus for planning a diffusing alpha-emitter radiation therapy (DaRT) treatment session. The apparatus includes an output interface and a memory configured with a plurality of tables which provide an accumulated measure of radiation over a specific time period, due to one or more types of DaRT radiotherapy sources which emit daughter radionuclides from the source, for a plurality of different distances and angles relative to the DaRT radiotherapy source. In addition, a processor is configured to receive a description of a layout of a plurality of DaRT radiotherapy sources in a tumor, to calculate a radiation dose distribution in the tumor responsive to the layout, using the tables in the memory, and to output feedback for the treatment responsive to the radiation dose distribution, through the output interface.
Core Innovation
The disclosed planning apparatus uses stored tables of accumulated radiation measures for different distances and angles relative to diffusing alpha-emitter radiation therapy (DaRT) sources. A processor receives a source layout in a tumor, calculates a radiation dose distribution using the tables, and outputs treatment-session feedback responsive to that distribution. The accumulated measure includes alpha radiation alone or alpha radiation together with electron and photon radiation.
The disclosed methods calculate distributions of radon-220, lead-212, and bismuth-212 and determine alpha, electron, and photon radiation dose distributions to set treatment-session parameters and insert DaRT sources according to the layout. The methods also describe preprepared radiation-distribution tables and calculations involving lead-212 diffusion and migration. The supplied partial content does not include the background section, so the problem being solved is not explicitly described in patent.
Claims Coverage
The supplied claims identify seven independent claims covering two planning apparatus configurations and five methods for providing a DaRT treatment session across seven inventive features.
Planning apparatus using alpha-radiation tables
Independent claim 1 covers an apparatus with stored tables providing accumulated alpha-radiation dose for different distances and angles relative to DaRT sources. A processor uses the tables and a tumor source layout to calculate a dose distribution and output treatment-session feedback.
Planning apparatus using combined radiation tables
Independent claim 8 covers an apparatus that uses stored tables of accumulated radiation measures for different distances and angles relative to DaRT sources to calculate a tumor dose distribution from a source layout and output feedback. The accumulated measure includes alpha radiation and one or more of electron and photon radiation.
Treatment method using tissue parameters and source layout
Independent claim 9 covers receiving tumor tissue parameters and a DaRT source layout, calculating radon-220, lead-212, and bismuth-212 distributions as a function of radon-220 and lead-212 diffusion coefficients, and determining alpha, electron, and photon dose distributions. Treatment-session parameters are set in response to the dose distributions, and the sources are inserted according to those parameters.
Treatment method using preprepared radiation-distribution tables
Independent claim 17 covers calculating radionuclide and alpha-dose distributions using tables of radiation distributions prepared in advance for different tumor types, with the first radiation dose distribution determined by summing table values matching the source layout. The method also determines electron and photon dose distributions, sets treatment-session parameters, and inserts the sources according to those parameters.
Treatment method using a lead-212 diffusion coefficient
Independent claim 20 covers calculating the distribution of radon-220, lead-212, and bismuth-212 based on an equation that depends on a lead-212 diffusion coefficient, where that coefficient is calculated as a function of lead-212 diffusion length. The method determines radiation dose distributions, sets treatment-session parameters, and inserts the DaRT sources according to those parameters.
Treatment method using a lead-212 migration equation
Independent claim 23 covers calculating the radionuclide distribution by solving a lead-212 migration equation that includes a leakage factor defined as the product of lead-212 concentration and a constant. The method also determines alpha, electron, and photon dose distributions, sets treatment-session parameters, and inserts the sources according to those parameters.
Treatment method with a separate electron and photon dose calculation
Independent claim 24 covers determining an alpha-radiation dose distribution responsive to the calculated radionuclide distribution and determining an electron and photon dose distribution while ignoring that radionuclide distribution. The resulting dose distributions inform treatment-session parameters, and the DaRT sources are inserted according to those parameters.
The independent claims cover table-based DaRT treatment planning and treatment methods that calculate radionuclide and radiation dose distributions to set treatment-session parameters. Their distinctions include the radiation components represented in tables, use of preprepared tables, lead-212 diffusion or migration calculations, and treatment of the electron and photon dose calculation.
Stated Advantages
Not explicitly described in patent.
Documented Applications
Planning a diffusing alpha-emitter radiation therapy (DaRT) treatment session by calculating a tumor dose distribution from a DaRT source layout and providing treatment-session feedback.
Providing a DaRT radiotherapy treatment session by determining radiation dose distributions, setting treatment-session parameters, and inserting DaRT sources into a tumor.
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