Respiratory triggered parasternal electromyographic recording in neurostimulators
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Publication Number
US-11399770-B2
Publication Date
2022-08-02
Expiration Date
Abstract
A respiration sensor is described of a respiration implant system for an implanted patient with impaired breathing. A sensor body is made of electrically insulating material and is configured to fit between two adjacent ribs and between the pectoralis muscle and the parasternal muscle of the implanted patient, with the bottom surface adjacent to an superficial surface of the parasternal muscle and the top surface adjacent to a profound surface of the pectoralis muscle. At least one parasternal sensor electrode is located on the bottom surface of the sensor body and is configured to cooperate with the electrically insulating material of the sensor body to sense a parasternal electromyography (EMG) signal representing electrical activity of the adjacent parasternal muscle with minimal influence by electrical activity of the nearby pectoralis muscle.
Core Innovation
The invention describes a respiration implant system for a patient with impaired breathing that includes a respiration sensor and a pacing processor. The respiration sensor includes a sensor body made of electrically insulating material with top and bottom surfaces, configured to fit between two adjacent ribs and between the pectoralis muscle and the parasternal muscle.
The respiration sensor includes at least one parasternal sensor electrode located on the bottom surface of the sensor body to sense a parasternal electromyography (EMG) signal representing electrical activity of the adjacent parasternal muscle, and at least one pectoralis sensor electrode located on the top surface of the sensor body opposite the at least one parasternal sensor electrode to sense a pectoralis EMG signal representing electrical activity of the adjacent pectoralis muscle. The electrically insulating sensor body is configured to cooperate with the electrodes to sense the respective EMG signals with minimal cross-contamination.
A pacing processor receives a respiration signal from the respiration sensor including the parasternal EMG signal and the pectoralis EMG signal. The pacing processor filters out, at least in part, the pectoralis EMG signal from the parasternal EMG signal to generate a respiration pacing signal to be delivered to a stimulation electrode.
Claims Coverage
The independent claim coverage is directed to a respiration implant system that senses parasternal and pectoralis EMG from an electrically insulating sensor body positioned between ribs and muscles, and a pacing processor that filters out pectoralis EMG from parasternal EMG to generate a respiration pacing signal. The inventive features include sensor-body placement and electrode arrangement, and the pectoralis-EMG removal filtering to produce the respiration pacing signal.
Electrically insulating sensor body fitted between ribs and muscles for dual EMG sensing
A sensor body made of electrically insulating material with top and bottom surfaces, configured to fit between two adjacent ribs and between the pectoralis muscle and the parasternal muscle.
Parasternal sensor electrode on bottom surface to sense parasternal EMG
At least one parasternal sensor electrode located on the bottom surface of the sensor body and configured to sense a parasternal electromyography (EMG) signal representing electrical activity of the adjacent parasternal muscle.
Pectoralis sensor electrode on top surface opposite parasternal electrode to sense pectoralis EMG
At least one pectoralis sensor electrode located on the top surface of the sensor body opposite the at least one parasternal sensor electrode and configured to sense a pectoralis EMG signal representing electrical activity of the adjacent pectoralis muscle.
Pacing processor filters out pectoralis EMG from parasternal EMG to generate respiration pacing signal
A pacing processor configured to receive a respiration signal including the parasternal EMG signal and the pectoralis EMG signal, and to filter out, at least in part, the pectoralis EMG signal from the parasternal EMG signal to generate a respiration pacing signal to be delivered to a stimulation electrode.
Filter techniques for subtracting pectoralis EMG from parasternal EMG
The pacing processor separates the pectoralis EMG signal from the parasternal EMG signal using specified subtraction and filtering methods.
Laryngeal pacemaker system delivering respiration pacing signal to a laryngeal muscle
A laryngeal pacemaker system in which the stimulation electrode delivers a respiration pacing signal to a posterior cricoarytenoid muscle in the larynx.
Sleep apnea treatment system delivering respiration pacing signal to a selected nerve
A sleep apnea treatment system in which the stimulation electrode delivers the respiration pacing signal to a hypoglossal nerve or an internal superior laryngeal nerve.
Overall, the claim set covers an implant respiration sensing approach that simultaneously senses parasternal and pectoralis EMG with an electrically insulating sensor body positioned between ribs and muscles, and uses a pacing processor to filter out pectoralis EMG from parasternal EMG to generate a respiration pacing signal for delivery via a stimulation electrode. Dependent coverage further refines electrode implementation and includes specified downstream delivery contexts such as laryngeal pacemaker and sleep apnea treatment systems.
Stated Advantages
Generates a respiration pacing signal to be delivered to a stimulation electrode by filtering out, at least in part, the pectoralis EMG signal from the parasternal EMG signal.
Reduces or removes pectoralis activity influence by separating the pectoralis EMG signal from the parasternal EMG signal using subtraction and filtering methods.
Enables respiration-triggered pacing synchronization based on the processed parasternal EMG.
Supports sleep-apnea event detection by detecting respiration effort from the EMG signal.
Documented Applications
Synchronizing respiration-triggered pacing in an implanted respiration system.
Detecting respiration effort for sleep-apnea event detection using processed EMG.
Delivering a respiration pacing signal for laryngeal pacing to a posterior cricoarytenoid muscle in the larynx.
Delivering a respiration pacing signal for sleep apnea treatment to a hypoglossal nerve or an internal superior laryngeal nerve.
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