Electrochemical test device
Inventors
Cardosi, Marco • Kirkwood, Stephanie • Baskeyfield, Damian
Assignees
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Publication Number
US-10788442-B2
Publication Date
2020-09-29
Expiration Date
Abstract
An electrochemical test device for use in determining a concentration of each of a first analyte and a second analyte in a fluid sample is provided. The electrochemical test device comprises a set of electrodes including a first working electrode having sensing chemistry for the first analyte and a second working electrode having sensing chemistry for the second analyte, wherein the first analyte is lactate and the sensing chemistry for the lactate comprises lactate oxidase and an electron transfer agent, and wherein the sensing chemistry for the second analyte comprises a diaphorase, an electron transfer agent, an NAD(P)+-dependent dehydrogenase and a cofactor for the NAD(P)+-dependent dehydrogenase.
Core Innovation
The invention relates to an electrochemical test device for determining a concentration of each of a first analyte and a second analyte in a fluid sample. The device includes a set of electrodes having a first working electrode with sensing chemistry for the first analyte, a second working electrode with sensing chemistry for the second analyte, and a counter/reference electrode configured to establish a current between each of the first and second working electrodes. The sensing chemistries use different enzyme systems and electron transfer agents to generate electrode currents for the respective analytes.
For lactate sensing, the sensing chemistry for the first analyte comprises lactate oxidase and an electron transfer agent. For the second analyte sensing, the sensing chemistry comprises a diaphorase, a second electron transfer agent having a second redox potential, an NAD(P)+-dependent dehydrogenase and a cofactor for the NAD(P)+-dependent dehydrogenase. The counter/reference electrode is provided with a third electron transfer agent having a third redox potential, where the third standard redox potential is higher than the second standard redox potential by at least 0.2V and where the first standard redox potential is substantially the same as the third standard redox potential.
The invention supports a measurement strategy in which the device is operated in a fuel cell mode for a first time period that serves as a poise delay period for a first working electrode. During this first time period, the difference between the second standard redox potential and the third standard redox potential causes current to flow from the second working electrode to the counter/reference electrode, and concentration of the second analyte is determined based on an output signal generated from that current. After the first time period, a potential difference is applied for a second time period between the first working electrode and the counter/reference electrode to determine the concentration of the first analyte based on output signal generated from current flowing between the first working electrode and the counter/reference electrode.
Claims Coverage
The provided set includes three independent claims: an electrochemical test device, a method of determining two analytes, and another electrochemical test device with the same core electrode and electron-transfer-potential relationships. Across these independent claims, the inventive coverage centers on a multi-electrode electrochemical test device with specified enzyme-based sensing chemistries and a defined set of three electron transfer agents having standard redox potential relationships.
Electrochemical test device for lactate and a second analyte with defined redox potential hierarchy
An electrochemical test device having a set of electrodes including a first working electrode with lactate sensing comprising lactate oxidase and an electron transfer agent, a second working electrode with sensing chemistry comprising diaphorase, a second electron transfer agent having a second redox potential, an NAD(P)+-dependent dehydrogenase and a cofactor, and a counter/reference electrode provided with a third electron transfer agent having a third redox potential, wherein the third standard redox potential is higher than the second standard redox potential by at least 0.2V and wherein the first standard redox potential is substantially the same as the third standard redox potential.
Fuel cell mode poise delay measurement using redox-potential difference and subsequent potential application
A method using an electrochemical test device with first working electrode, second working electrode, and a counter/reference electrode with first, second, and third electron transfer agents having first, second, and third standard redox potentials, wherein the third standard redox potential is higher than the second standard redox potential by at least 0.2V and wherein the first standard redox potential is substantially the same as the third standard redox potential, the method comprising operating in a fuel cell mode for a first time period as a poise delay period for the first working electrode with current caused to flow from the second working electrode to the counter/reference electrode by the difference between the second and third standard redox potentials, determining the concentration of the second analyte based on an output signal generated from the current in the first time period, and after the first time period applying a potential difference for a second time period between the first working electrode and the counter/reference electrode and determining the concentration of the first analyte based on an output signal generated from current that flows between the first working electrode and the counter/reference electrode in the second time period.
Electrochemical test device with three electron transfer agents having a specified redox potential relationship
An electrochemical test device having a set of electrodes including a first working electrode with first sensing chemistry for a first analyte including a first electron transfer agent with a first standard redox potential, a second working electrode with second sensing chemistry for a second analyte including a second electron transfer agent with a second standard redox potential, and a counter/reference electrode provided with a third electron transfer agent with a third standard redox potential, wherein the third standard redox potential is higher than the second standard redox potential by at least 0.2V and wherein the first standard redox potential is substantially the same as the third standard redox potential.
Across the independent claims, the core inventive concept is a multi-working-electrode electrochemical test device and corresponding method in which lactate and a second analyte are sensed using distinct enzyme-based sensing chemistries and electron transfer agents, while a counter/reference electrode uses a third electron transfer agent with a higher standard redox potential relative to the second electron transfer agent. The first standard redox potential is required to be substantially the same as the third standard redox potential, and the method further uses a fuel cell mode poise delay interval followed by applying a potential difference to determine analyte concentrations from electrode currents.
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