Apparatus and method of generating pH of subject from at least three wavelengths
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Publication Number
US-10736550-B2
Publication Date
2020-08-11
Expiration Date
Abstract
An apparatus obtaining a pH level of a tissue comprises an array of at least three optical sensors configured to absorb light shined on the tissue and thereby obtain at least three electronic digital signals, wherein the first electronic signal A1(X,t) represents the light absorbed by the tissue in location X=(X,Y,Z) at time t and at wavelength L1, and similarly the second and third electronic signal A2(X,t) and A3(X,t), and a finite absorption range of the three wavelength L1, L2 and L3 is such that 0<=A3(X,t)<=A2(X,t)<A1(X,t); and an electronic processing unit receives the signals and applies an ordered monotone function, F1, to the tissue, to spatial temporal information of each wavelength, F1 used by a transfer function for presentation as a LookUp Table connecting actual values computed by F1 and an actual pH of the tissue in location X at time t.
Core Innovation
The document describes determining and obtaining a pH level of a tissue of a mammalian subject, where the tissue comprises an organ or blood. It senses tissue by shining light on the tissue and using an array of at least three optical sensors to absorb light that reflects from and/or traverses the tissue under consideration, producing at least three electronic digital signals A1(X,t), A2(X,t), and A3(X,t) representing light absorbed at wavelengths L1, L2, and L3 at a spatial-temporal location X at time t. A finite absorption range is defined such that 0<=A3(X,t)<=A2(X,t)<A1(X,t).
An electronic processing unit applies an ordered function, F1, targeted to a specific organ or to blood tissue, to spatial temporal information comprising information in location X at time t of each wavelength L1, L2, and L3. The ordered function F1 is a monotone increasing or decreasing function and is used by a transfer function to present a Look-Up Table connecting between values computed by F1 and an actual pH of the tissue under consideration at location X at time t. The actual pH is previously measured by a pH indicator, and the mapping connects actual pH values to outputs of the ordered function F1.
The ordered function F1 includes expressions that represent intervals such that F1 has a golden ratio interval structure. The golden ratio interval structure includes a first interval comprising a difference between absorption levels at the wavelengths L1 and L2, a second interval comprising a difference between absorption levels at L2 and L3, and a third interval comprising a difference between absorption levels at L1 and L3. In some embodiments, the three electronic signals are represented as a color-image representation with A3, A2, and A1 mapped to B, G, and R values and further constrained by an ordering relationship such as B<=G<R.
Claims Coverage
The independent claims cover an apparatus and methods for obtaining a tissue pH by sensing light absorption at three wavelengths and applying an ordered monotone function F1 with a golden ratio interval structure, using a transfer function and a Look-Up Table tied to actual pH previously measured by a pH indicator, targeted to a specific organ or to blood. Across the independent claims, three inventive feature sets are specified.
Golden-ratio ordered monotone function with Look-Up Table for tissue pH mapping
Applying an ordered function, F1, targeted to a specific organ or to blood tissue, to spatial temporal information comprising information in location X at time t of wavelengths L1, L2, and L3, where F1 is a monotone increasing or decreasing function and is used by a transfer function for presentation as a Look Up Table connecting between values computed by F1 and an actual pH of the tissue previously measured by a pH indicator, wherein F1 includes expressions representing intervals forming a golden ratio interval structure with interval differences between absorption levels at (L1,L2), (L2,L3), and (L1,L3).
Three wavelength absorption constraint and spatial-temporal signal generation
Using an array of at least three optical sensors and obtaining at least three electronic digital signals A1(X,t), A2(X,t), and A3(X,t) representing light absorbed at wavelengths L1, L2, and L3 at location X at time t, with a finite absorption range such that 0<=A3(X,t)<=A2(X,t)<A1(X,t), and generating spatial-temporal electronic signals for use by the transfer function connecting actual pH at location X at time t to outputs of an ordered function F1.
Golden-ratio interval structure based on differences between absorption levels
Defining ordered function F1 so that it includes expressions, each representing an interval, such that F1 has a golden ratio interval structure including a first interval comprising a difference between absorption levels at wavelengths L1 and L2, a second interval comprising a difference between absorption levels at wavelengths L2 and L3, and a third interval comprising a difference between absorption levels at wavelengths L1 and L3.
The independent claims implement tissue pH determination by measuring three wavelength-dependent absorption signals with an ordering constraint, computing an ordered monotone function F1 having a golden ratio interval structure based on differences between absorption levels, and mapping F1 outputs to actual pH using a transfer function and a Look-Up Table targeted to a specific organ or blood tissue.
Stated Advantages
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