Vaccine composition capable of inducing memory antibody response from single point immunization
Inventors
Chakkumkal, Anish • Panda, Amulya Kumar
Assignees
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Publication Number
US-10500283-B2
Publication Date
2019-12-10
Expiration Date
Abstract
The present investigation relates to entrapment of carbohydrate antigen such as Vi polysaccharide of Salmonella typhi in poly (DL) lactide (PDLLA) and polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) polymer particles. The formulated product not only elicits primary antibody titers from single dose application but also evokes memory antibody titer against the T independent antigen.
Core Innovation
The invention relates to a vaccine composition that consists of a carbohydrate antigen Vi polysaccharide of Salmonella typhi entrapped in a polymer particle. The polymer particle is selected from PDLLA or PLGA, and the composition is free of adjuvant. The polysaccharide antigens are presented by multivalent display on polymeric particles and are capable of inducing a memory antibody response from a single immunization.
A key aspect is that the polymer particles are sized as a size distribution of 2–8 µm, and the multivalent display of Vi polysaccharide antigens on the polymeric particles supports T-independent carbohydrate antigen immunogenicity. The described outcome is that a single immunization induces primary anti-Vi antibody titers, and subsequent boost and challenge support sustained memory or secondary IgG antibody responses.
The document also addresses co-entrapping an additional antigen by stating that co-entrapping tetanus toxoid (TT) in the same particles does not enhance anti-Vi responses and suppresses anti-TT responses. The description states that Vi polysaccharide effects, including anti-phagocytic and surface effects, interfere with particle uptake and lysosomal trafficking in antigen-presenting cells, reducing TT processing and presentation.
Accordingly, the invention is supported by characterization of the polymer particles and by immunological and biological evaluations of antibody responses and antigen-handling behavior. The document describes that polymer particle entrapment and sustained antigen presentation promote class/isotype switching toward IgG1 and IgG2a and enhance recall compared with soluble Vi control.
Claims Coverage
The patent document provides one independent claim (clm-00001). It contains multiple inventive features that specify the antigen, its entrapment in a defined polymer system, particle size distribution and multivalent display, and the ability to induce memory antibody response from a single, adjuvant-free immunization.
Vi polysaccharide carbohydrate antigen entrapped in a PDLLA or PLGA polymer particle
A vaccine composition consisting of a carbohydrate antigen Vi polysaccharide of Salmonella typhi entrapped in a polymer particle selected from PDLLA and PLGA.
Multivalent display of polysaccharide antigens on 2–8 µm polymeric particles
The composition is capable of inducing memory antibody response from a single immunization, by multivalent display of polysaccharide antigens on polymeric particles having a size distribution of 2–8 µm.
Adjuvant-free single immunization for memory antibody response
The composition is free of adjuvant and is suitable for inducing a memory antibody response from a single immunization.
Overall, the claim coverage is focused on a Vi polysaccharide carbohydrate antigen vaccine where Vi is entrapped in PDLLA/PLGA polymer particles of 2–8 µm, enabling multivalent display to induce memory antibody responses after a single, adjuvant-free immunization.
Stated Advantages
Induces memory antibody response from a single immunization.
Supports class/isotype switching and promotes recall versus soluble Vi control.
Documented Applications
Typhoid vaccine concept using Vi polysaccharide from Salmonella typhi, including primary anti-Vi antibody induction and sustained memory/secondary IgG responses following boost and challenge with live Salmonella typhi.
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