Photodynamic insecticides
Inventors
Chang, Kwang Poo • Kolli, Bala Krishna • Shiao, Shin-Hong
Assignees
National Taiwan University NTU • Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
Publication Number
US-10070648-B2
Publication Date
2018-09-11
Expiration Date
2037-04-10
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Abstract
Disclosed herein are photodynamic insecticide methods and compositions for the control or reduction of insect populations comprising the use of photosensitizer compounds in combination with light.
Core Innovation
The invention relates to photodynamic insecticide methods and compositions for the control or reduction of insect populations via the use of photosensitizer compounds in combination with light. The core concept is that safe photosensitizers, including FDA-approved dyes, are internalized by insect larvae or adults and are activated by exposure to light in the presence of oxygen, generating cytotoxic reactive oxygen species that effectively reduce insect populations.
A key problem addressed by this invention is the substantial crop and health losses caused by phytophagous and hematophagus insects, including their role as vectors for plant and animal diseases. Traditional insecticides are toxic and become less effective as insects develop resistance, while genetically modified organism (GMO) release strategies face objections. There is a need for improved insecticides that are both safe and effective in controlling insect populations.
The disclosed methods utilize photosensitizer compounds such as phthalocyanines, porphyrin derivatives, and specific dyes (e.g., rose bengal, cyanosine, PC1, PC2, PC3.4, PC14, TMAP, TPPS2) which are delivered to insects by inclusion in water, food, or by spraying. Upon light exposure, these compounds generate reactive oxygen species that kill or incapacitate the insects. The compositions can be adapted for various insect species, developmental stages, and methods of delivery, offering a photodynamic approach to pest control.
Claims Coverage
There is one independent claim outlining the main inventive features of the patent.
Method of reducing an insect population using a photosensitizer of formula (I) and light activation
The method comprises: - Contacting the insect population with a photosensitizer that is a compound of formula (I). - The photosensitizer is internalized by larval and/or adult insects. - The photosensitizer produces reactive oxygen species upon excitation by light. - The photosensitized insect population is exposed to light in the presence of oxygen, resulting in the reduction of the insect population. The method further specifies that the photosensitizer may be phthalocyanine or porphyrin derivative compounds, selected from specified examples such as PC1, PC2, PC3.4, PC14, TMAP, and TPPS2.
The patent claims coverage over methods to reduce insect populations by using specific photosensitizer compounds which are internalized by insects and activated by light to generate reactive oxygen species.
Stated Advantages
Photodynamic insecticides provide safe and effective means for controlling mosquitoes and other harmful insects.
Many photosensitizers used are non-toxic and have a proven record of safety as FDA-approved products or dyes for food, drugs, and fabrics.
The cytotoxicity mechanism does not select for resistant mutants, unlike chemical pesticides.
The methods allow for minimal collateral damage to beneficial organisms due to targeted action.
Documented Applications
Combat, control, and reduce populations of insects associated with the transmission of diseases in humans and animals.
Control of insects associated with agriculture, including crop production, animal husbandry, forestry, and storage of vegetable-origin products like fruit, grain, and timber.
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